Under what circumstances is an aircraft considered "in the landing configuration"?

An aircraft is considered "in the landing configuration" when it has been adjusted to optimize conditions for landing. This specifically includes extending the flaps and lowering the landing gear, which are critical elements for creating sufficient lift and drag at lower speeds during the approach and landing phases. The flaps increase the wing's surface area and curvature, enhancing lift, while the landing gear must be deployed to ensure a safe touchdown.

While cruising at altitude, in a holding pattern, or with the autopilot engaged, the aircraft is not in a landing configuration because these situations do not require the specific adjustments of flaps and landing gear that are essential for landing. Instead, the aircraft is typically in a different configuration more suitable for level flight or holding, which involves maintaining speed and altitude.