What is the function of flaps during the landing phase of flight?

During the landing phase of flight, flaps play a crucial role by increasing both lift and drag, which enables the aircraft to fly safely at lower speeds. When extended, flaps change the airfoil shape of the wings, allowing the aircraft to generate more lift at a given speed. This is particularly important for landing because it allows the plane to approach and land at slower, safer speeds.

The increase in drag that occurs simultaneously helps to bring the aircraft down more quickly and control its descent rate. This dual effect of increased lift and drag is essential for maintaining stable flight while reducing speed, ensuring the aircraft can land smoothly and safely on the runway.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the function of flaps during landing. For instance, increasing speed is not beneficial during landing, where slower speeds are generally desired. Similarly, reducing drag while increasing altitude is not a function that flaps perform during landing; rather, flaps are used to manage lift and drag effectively for safe landing maneuverability. Lastly, while stabilizing the aircraft is important, it is achieved through a variety of aerodynamic factors and pilot inputs rather than primarily through flap deployment.